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1 Mackenzie, Sir James
SUBJECT AREA: Medical technology[br]b. 12 April 1853 Scone, Perthshire, Scotlandd. 26 January 1925 London, England[br]Scottish physician and clinical researcher, inventor of the "polygraph" for the investigation of normal and abnormal cardiac rhythms.[br]Mackenzie graduated in medicine from Edinburgh University in 1878. The next year he moved to a practice in Burnley, Lancashire, where he began the exhaustive clinical studies into irregularities of cardiac rhythm that he was to continue for the rest of his life. In 1907 he moved to London and in 1913 was appointed physician to the London Hospital.It was while engaged in the heavy industrial practice in Burnley that he developed, with the aid of a Lancashire watchmaker, the "polygraph" apparatus, which by recording vascular pulses permitted analysis of cardiac function and performance. He also investigated herpes zoster (shingles) and was a pioneer in the treatment of heart disease with digitalis. He himself suffered from angina pectoris for the last fifteen years of his life and his views on the condition were published in a book in 1923. When shown the electrocardiogram (ECG) machine of Einthoven, he expressed reservations as to its future utility.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1915. FRS 1915.Bibliography1902, The Study of the Pulse, Edinburgh. 1908, Diseases of the Heart, London. 1925, Heart, London.Further ReadingM.Wilson, 1926, The Beloved Physician: Sir James Mackenzie.MG -
2 CRAAM
Электроника: Centre of Radio Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mackenzie University (Sao Paulo) -
3 Lubbock
Город на северо-западе штата Техас, на Южных равнинах [South Plains] плато Льяно-Эстакадо [ Llano Estacado]. 199,5 тыс. жителей (2000). Основан в 1891, статус города с 1909. Торгово-финансовый центр крупного хлопководческого района (10 процентов производства хлопка в США). Одно из крупнейших в штате винодельческих производств [Llano Estacado Winery]. Хлопкоочистительная, маслобойная, мясная и кожевенная промышленность. Сельскохозяйственное машиностроение. Транспортный узел, аэропорт [Lubbock Regional Airport]. База ВВС Рис [Reese AFB]. Техасский технологический университет [Texas Tech University], Христианский колледж Лаббока [Lubbock Christian College]. Среди достопримечательностей: планетарий Мууди [Moody Planetarium] и музей под открытым небом "История ранчо" [Ranching Heritage Center]. Симфонический оркестр. Город иногда называют "Всемирной столицей хризантем" ["Chrysantemum Capital of the World"]. Ежегодная региональная ярмарка [Panhandle-South Plains Fair] в сентябре. Парк штата "Маккензи" [Mackenzie State Park] с колонией грызунов - луговых собачек [ prairie dog] -
4 Gonin, Jules
SUBJECT AREA: Medical technology[br]b. 10 August 1870 Vaud, Switzerlandd. 11 June 1935 Lausanne, Switzerland[br]Swiss ophthalmic surgeon, originator of the therapy of retinal detachment with cautery.[br]After graduating form the University of Berne in 1894, Gonin was appointed Assistant to Marc Dufour, Professor of Ophthalmology at the Hôpital de l'Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne. At the International Congress of Ophthalmology at Lucerne in 1904, the general opinion was expressed that the condition of retinal detachment was untreatable. Gonin spent the following decade studying the condition, and by 1920 he was able to inform the French Ophthalmological Society that he had been able to cure a number of cases by the use of localized cautery. In the same year Gonin succeeded to the chair in Lausanne, which became a centre for the treatment of retinal detachment; despite initial scepticism, by 1929 a convincing series of cases led to international acceptance and the further development of the technique with the use of diathermy. On his death he left a substantial bequest to the blind of Lausanne whom he had not been able to cure. The Gonin Medal is awarded quadrennially to the outstanding international figure in ophthalmology.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMarcel Benoist Prize 1928. Mackenzie Medal 1933. Von Graefe Medal 1936.Bibliography1918, The Anatomical Causes of Detachment of the Retina.1929, "Detachment of the retina", Proceedings of the International Congress of- Ophthalmology, Amsterdam.Further ReadingS.Duke-Elder, 1960–70, System of Ophthalmology, London.MG
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